Bag structure and process of manufacture



April 24, 1951 c. v. BRADY 'ET A1.

BAG STRUCTURE AND PROCESS OF' MANUFACTURE 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed Nov. l, 1945 @Ni-IG. 2.

April 24, 1951 c. v. BRADY ETAL BAG STRUCTURE AND PROCESS 0F MANUFACTURE Original Filed Nov. 1, 1943 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 24, 1951 c. v. BRADY r-:TAL 2,550,000

BAG STRUCTURE AND PROCESS OF' MAUFACTURE Original Filed Nov. 1, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented pr. 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE 2,550,000 EAG STRUCTURE AND PCS'S 'I MNUFACTURE Charles V. Brady, vSti Louis; andv Russell J. Williains, Richmond Hei Bem-is Bro. Bag yGom poration of Missouri ghts,; Mo.; assignorsr to' pany, St. Louis; Moi, acoror'i'giiial aiipiiciiijiaii Noiienitef 11, 194e, siiai No.

508,534'. Divi 6 Claims. 1

This invention relates to bagstructures and their methods of manufacture, and with regard to certain more specific features to flat bag str'jdctures which may also be used as case or bag liners or the like.

This application is a division of ou r copending application Serial o. 508,534, filed November l,

1943, for Bag Structures and Process of Manufacture, eventuated as Patent NQQ'GQJ, dated October 8, 1946. .f

Among? the several objects of the invention may be noted the provision of a bag structure which lends itself to economical mass production methods; the provision of a bag structure of the class described which with only minor modifications in the manufacturing operation will forni bags which are t be closed in the ordinary way of those which are t be pressure or heat sealed; andv the provision `f a Bag structure of the class described adaptable to various bottom forms, such as Satchel bttors, V-bottonis and the like. Other objects will be in part bvios and ir'i part pointed out hereinafter.

The invention accordingly comprises the eiements and combinations of eieiiiiits, steps and' sequence of steps, features' of construction and manipuiaiioii, and arrangements of parts einen will be exemplified in the structures afid methods hereinafter described, and the scope of the application of which win be indica-teu in the fiiw': ing Clams'.

In the accompanying drawings, v'vhicliiv are illustrated several of various possible embodi= ments of the invention,

Fig.- 1 is a fragmentary plan` view' of an inter# mediate composite web product With one Wle stripped back;

Fig. 2v is a View similar to final bag-like article after segmentation et the" intermediate product shown in Fig.. 1^;

Fig. 3 is a, View similar to Fig. 2 showing a pos sible succeeding step;

FigA is a top edge View of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a- View similar to Fig.I 2v showing an'l alternati-ve product;

Fig.- 6 is an enlargedl vertical section taken on line 6 6 of Fig. 5;

Fig.- '7 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but illustrating the intermediate product used to produce the construction of Figs 5 and 6;

Fig. 8- is a View similar to Fig.` 6 butA showing a modification thereof;

Fig, 9 is a detailed; view of a bag corner structure in which certain features of Figs. 3- and 5 are combined;

Fig. 1 but' SHOWHga in in of Fis. 9;

Fig; 11 is a perspective view showing how the products of my invention may be manipulated to form a bottom;l

v Fig.f 12V is anenlarged section taken on line 2-I2 of Fig.11; l

Fig,- 113 shows certain bottom cornertabs p roduc-:ed in 1l bent upward against the bottom ofthfebfgbg; Y

Fig. 14 is a View similar to Fig. 152 but showing said corner tabs bent down against gusset-formingportions of the bag;

Fig.- 1 -5 is a-view similar toHFig. 14 bt showing a preliminary step inl making gussets for a Vbiiom bag; i

Fig. 16 is an enlarged edge View showingy an almost completed V-bottom; A

Fig. 17 is a face View v(reduced size) of a bag showing a finished bag employing said vbottom; p W I Figlia is a view simi1ar to Fig. 16 but showing' a Satchel bottom;

Fig.- 19 isa View similar to Fig. 17 but showing a bag with the satchelbottom or Fig.- 18,;v

Figi 20 is aview simi-lar to Fig. Q but showing a mod-ined closure construction; and,

Figli is a fragmentary view ofa portion of Fig. showing a modified construction.

Similar reference characters indicate corre-fr spending parts throughout the several viewsof the drawinga All figures are diagrammatic, thicknesses of material being exaggeratedy for clarity.-

in the, @pending .rained Staes; pieni, appacati n of Russell J".,Williams Serial No. 507,961, filed ctober 28 19431, for Laminating Apparatus and eventuated as Patent No. -2,3-82,930, 1 dated August i4, 11945, there is disclosed mechanical apparatus for manufacturingan intermediate` amin'ated web product, the latter forming part ofthe subject-matter of the invention herein-.-

Referring now more particularly to Fig.n A 1,- there is shown. at numeral I a web', preferably ofpaper, although it may be made ofifabriegor' other similar bag-forming material.- Imprinted on this web are spaced laterally locatedv adhesive bars 3.- These are j-'oi-neol= at oneside' (which will become the bottom side of aba-g) by a continuous bottom-forming stripe of adhesive 5: Stripe 5 is slightly spacedfrom'y the edge g of web las indicated at 1;

Pressed against the web' iisj a second web of paper-'or the likeA HAV,4 whiclradheres at the ad-w hesive areas 3 and' 5.- thusform-ing-a composite web having a sequence of U-shaped adhesive areas. These form pockets between the webs.

Next the composite web is cut at lines I3 which pass through the bars 3. If desired, an unpasted area B may be left in each bar 3 where the line of severance I3 is to come, such as indicated in the fragmentary View of Fig. 21. This, in effect, separates the composite bar 3 into two portions on each side of the line of severance I3,

The above results in the bag or bag-like pocket structure along the lines shown in Fig. 2, having pasted side seams l5 and a bottom seam I1.

' Fig. 2 is based upon the specic form of Fig. 1.

Due to the relatively narrow width of the webs I and II, this structure is more or less pillowshaped, having side seams I5, a bottom seam I1 and an open mouth at the edge |9. By having provided an offset between the edges I9 and 2| oi the webs I and II respectively, there is produced the oiset indicated at 23 in Fig. 2. This offset allows the mouth of the bag to be opened more readily. One corner of the pillow-shaped bag of Fig. 2 is shown opened to indicate the structure.

VVV,It is to be understood that the webs I and during manufacture of the composite webbing shownin Fig. 1 are withdrawn from rolls and brought together continuously as indicated for example in said Patent 2,382,930 above-mentioned. Each web may be single-ply or multi-ply, treated or untreated.

The adhesive maybe any of various types, depending upon theV service to which the bag is to be put, for example, asphalt which remains flexible and tacky, dextrine, other thermo-plastics, or therlike. As Will be shown, pressure or heat sealing adhesives are preferable in certain instances.

It is intended that the pillow-shapedv bag, pocket, or case liner indicated in Fig. 2 be used per se in certain instances, but usually it will be desirable to increase seam strength. For this vpurpose score lines 25 are provided within the side seams I5 and score line 2'I within theY bottom seam I'I. The scoring is preferably done on Vthe composite webas indicated at the top of Fig. 1 after the two webs I and have been brought together but before they are segmented along the lines I3. This may be done as indicated in said patent application 507,961, now Patent No. 2,382,930. Or, scoring may be done after segmentation but itis not as economical. The seamsV I5 are turned on the score line 25 toward the body of the bag, and seam is then turned up toward said body and over the side seam ends. Adhesive may be inserted between the foldedover seam portions I5 and I 'I on the one hand and the adjacent bag wall on the other hand, thereby maintainingV the folded relationship shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Thus increased seam strength is obtained. In addition, contact is inhibited between the material carried in the bags and the adhesive in the seams. Adhesive is not necessary to maintain the folded relationship when the envelope of Figs. 3 and 4 is used as a liner in an outide covering bag or envelope.

It is intended that the open mouth of the bag in Figs. 2, 3 and 4 be closed in the ordinary way Y after the bags are filled. Y Y

In 'FigsqE-S a modication is shown. InV these 'figures numerals that correspond to the elements above-mentioned are the same; But in this case an addedV stripe of adhesive 29 is provided near the edge I9 of web I, and before application of web I I isV covered Vwith a `protective tape3l l(Fig.

7). Then, before bringing the web- I I against the web I, said web II is also provided with a stripe of adhesive 33 and covered with a tape 35. Stripes 29, 33 and tapes 3| and 35 become coplanar or opposite. Hence, when'the webs are organized so as to adhere them at the adhesive regions 3 and 5, the stripes 29 and 33 are prevented by the tapes 3| and 35, respectively, from adhering. The tapes 3| and 35 are segmented along with the segmentation of the webs I and II, as indicated in Fig. 5. The result is a bag structure in which the side seams I5 and I'I function as before but within the open mouth are two stripes 29 and 33 of adhesive which are protectively covered by the segments of the tapes 3| and 35 respectively. This condition is indicated( in Fig. 6.

Thus the bag may be filled without damaging or interference from the adhesive under the tape. Thereafter the tape may be ripped out manually, it being understood that the adhesive (for example, asphalt) will remain tacky enough to permit this. Then the opposite sides of the bag mouth are pressed together and the tacky or pressuresensitive adhesive will cause the stripes 29 and 33 to adhere, thus closing the mouth of the bag by mere pressure after iilling.

' It will be noted that the ends of the tapes 3| and 35 may be gotten hold of at the open bag corners because these corners are also protected against adhesion during the time that the tapes are in place. Thereafter, the corners, like the remainder of the striped portions 29 and 33 will adhere by pressure, thus completing the desired peripheral seal.

In Fig. 8 is shown a modication in which, instead Yof providing the offset 23 between the edges 2| and I9 of the web, as indicated in'Fig. 5, an offset 37 is provided between the edges 39 and 5| of tapes 35 and 3| respectively. Thus the bag mouth may be more readily opened preparatory to lling, while at the Vsame time the extensions for providing the oisetare handy in removing the tape preliminary to final closure.

In Figs. 9 and 10 is shown hcw the construction of Figs. 3 and 4 becomes modified when the tapes 3| and 35 are used. Fig. 9 shows a corner at one of the side seams I5, which are in this case presumed to be folded over Vaccording to the teach- Y ing of Figs. 3 and 4. After filling of the bag the corner portions lil of the seams I5 may be laid back (the tackiness ofthe adhesive admitting this) so that the contained tapes 3i and 35 may be removed by ripping them out along with the removal of the remainder of them. Then by pressing back the mouth portions (including the corner portions) after removal of the tape, the mouth becomes sealedshut. As an alternative, the adhesive 43 which may be used between the folded-over seam and the adjacent bag wall may be stopped 01T at 45 to permitY easier manipulation in withdrawing Vthe tapes at the corners. It is to be understood that, when the adhesive 43 is not used within the folds 25and 2i,- the productis used as a bag-like liner to be'used in other bags or casings which hold the folds'in place.

VThe tapes A3| and 35 may beomitted without omitting the stripes 29 and 33 of adhesive, if the adhesive is of the heat-sealing variety orffo'r example, dried glue which may be wetted prior to Vfinal bag closure after filling. Selection in'th'is respect VYdepends upon the character of thevbag contents, strength of seams desired, and the like. The intent is to have a'protected adhesive inthe f bag mouth or one which requires no during the bag filling operation.

Fig. shows a different form ofcorner in which the side seams iii are pasted down up to the mouth of the bag as indicated at 5l. In this oase the tapes 3! and 35, along with the adhesive stripes 253 and 33, are limited in length to iie only within the score lines 25. In this event the tape cannot be applied as indicated in Fig. '7, but is segmented beforehand and applied to the webs in the desired positions between bars Si.

In Figs. 11-19 are shown various exemplary methods by means of which the bag terms shown in Figs. 3, 4, 9, lo and 20 may be made up into V-bottom and satchel-bottom bags. |The general method is that shown in the United States patent of Russell J. Williams, No. 2,381,850, dated August 7, 1945, for Methods of Making Bag Bodies, but modified to suit the basic bag above described.

Referring" to Fig. 11, spreader sticks d'3 are introduced into an inverted bag body and moved outwardly from one another so as` to stretch the body into a parallelepiped. This temporarily forms a flat bottom 55, two flat sides 51 and flat walls 59. The result is that triangular-shaped ears 6| extend from the plane of the bottom 55. These are either turned over and against the bottom and adhered as shown in Fig. 13, or they are turned downward against the sides 5l as shown in Fig. 14. Thereafter the bottom may be treated either as shown in Figs. 15-17 or as indicated in Figs. 18-19.

As an example of subsequent treatment the case will be taken of the ears bent down as in Fig. 14. Referring first to the form of Fig. l5, the V- bottom is shown. For making this, a crease t@ is applied which in effect gussets the bottom` of the bag, which in these figures is shown upside down. Side gussets til are also formed. The crease 62 at the bottom of the gusset 63 and the crease 66 at the bottom of the gusset te are coplanar and these creases form the lines of support for the edge folded-over' portions i? and l5. When the bag is flattened out as shown in Figs. 16 and 1'7 the folded-over portions i5 and i'i are sandwiched in the gussets. It is to be noted that the small triangular portion 'iii shown in Fig. 15, when the bag is flattened out as shown in Fig. 18, folds Within the side gusset @Il as shown.

If it is preferred to have the Satchel-bottom type of bag, then the bottom, instead of being gusseted, is treated as shown in Figs. 18 and 19, a crease being inserted at 65, which permits laying the bottom out more or less flatly as shown in said Figs. 18 and 19. It will be observed that edges 6'! in the case of Figs. 18 and 19, instead of being together, as in Figs. 16 and 17, are separated, one of them lying against a side 59 of the bag. In the case of Figs. 18 and 19 the seams I5 are again sandwiched in the side gussets 64 but the seam i 'l lies at against the open part of the flat bottom as indicated. The V-bottom or Satchel-bottom may be employed either with the tabs or ears Si folded against the bottom or against the sides. If the tabs 6i are folded up as shown in Fig. 13 before proceeding through the steps of Figs. 16-19, then these tabs do not appear in the side gussets but in the V-bottom (in the case of Fig. 16) and on the flat Satchel bottom (in the case of Fig. 18). This alternative development has not been shown in detail in the drawings because it is obvious from the above what differences would occur. In any event, placing these tabs in the side gussets has the advantage that the bottom seam is positively held protection,

flat againsta part'of the `bottomby the anchors. ing eiTect at each seam end by the respectiveI tab held in the respective side gusset (see Figs. 16- and 18).

The terms bag, bag-like structure, case liner, envelope and pocket are to be taken as equivalents herein. So also are the terms scoring and creasing. The terms adhesive and paste are also equivalently used.

In view of the above, it will be seen that the several objects of the invention are achieved and other advantageous results attained.

As many changes could be made in the above constructions without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and. not in a limiting sense.

We claim:

1. A method of making a flat bag comprising pasting together fiat front and rear walls by means of -at side and iiat bottom seams having continuous junctures, spreading the resulting pocket from the inside to form stretched. substantially at sides and'a stretched substantially flat closed bottom from which extend said iiat seams respectively, said bottom as a result having extending endwise tabs containing said junctures, folding the bottom seam against the bottom and the tabs against the sides respectively, forming inwardly angled gussets in the sides with the side seams joined to the inner angles of the gussets and sandwiched therein and with said folded tabs anchored in the gussets to hold the bottom seam in place against the bottom, and arranging the parts of the plane of thev bottom which are on opposite sides of the bottom seam to assume positions substantially flatwise with respect to the plane of the bag.

2. A method of making a flat Satchel-bottomed bag comprising pasting together at front and rear Walls by means of continuous flat side and flat bottom seams, spreading the resulting pocket from the inside to form stretched substantially at sides and a stretched substantially at closed bottom from which extend said flat seams respectively, said' bottom as a result having extending endwise tabs containing said junctures, folding the bottom seam against the bottom and the tabs against the sides respectively, forming inwardly angled gussets in the sides thus spread with the side seams joined to the inner angles of the gussets and sandwiched therein and with said folded tabs anchored in the 4gussets to hold r the bottom seam in place against the bottom,

and arranging the parts of the plane of the bottom which are on opposite sides of the bottom seam to assume a flat Satchel-bottom shape substantially Iiatwise with respect to the plane of the bag.

3. A method of making a hat gusset-bottomed bag comprising pasting together nat front and rear walls by means of continuous flat side and flat bottom seams, spreading the resulting pocket from the inside to form stretched substantially flat sides and a stretched substantially flat closed bottom from which extend said hat seams respectively, said bottom as a result having extending endwise tabs containing said junctures, folding the bottom seam against the bottom and the tabs against the sides respectively, forming inwardly angled gussets in the sides thus spread with thek side seams joined to the inner angles of the gussets and sandwiched therein and with said fold- 7 ed tabs anchored in the gussets to hold the bottom seam in place against the bottom, and arranging the parts of the plane of the bottom area on opposite sides of the bottom seamv to assume a V-shape, the sides of which are substantially atwise with respect to the plane of the bag.

4. A bag comprising an initially flat envelope consisting of a pairv of generally rectangular sheets secured together flatwise continuously along three of their four margins by adhesive and thereby having dat side and bottom seams, said envelope being creased and formed to have side gussets and a bag bottom with the flat side seams of the envelope sandwiched in the gussets, and the nat bottom seam folded over latwise against the bag bottom, the bottom corners of the envelope where the side seams meet the bottom seam being folded over and tucked into the side gussets so as to anchor the bottom seam in its flat position againstt-hebag bottom.

5. A bag comprising an initially flat envelope consisting of a pair of generally rectangularr sheets secured together flatwise continuously along three of their four margins by adhesive and thereby having flat side and bottom seams, said envelope being creased and formed to have side gussets and a V-shaped bag bottom with the at side seams Yof the envelope sandwiched in thegussets, and the at bottom seam sandwiched in and folded over atwise against the V-shaped bag bottom, the bottom corners of the envelope where the side seams meet the bottom seam being folded over and tucked into the side gussets so as to anchor the bottom seam in its flat position against the bag bottom.

6. A bag comprising an initially flat envelope consisting of a pair of 'generally rectangular together flatwise continuously sheets secured along three lof their four margins by adhesive and thereby having at side and bottom seams, saidY envelope being creased and formed to have side gussets and a Satchel bag bottom with the Vflat side seams of the envelope sandwiched inthe gussets, and the flat bottom seam folded over-- REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the 20 le of this patent:

Number Name Date 407,814 Burdick July 30, 1889 25 775,268 Flowers Nov. 15, 1904 1,848,709 Gurwick Mar. 8, 1932 1,800,143 Hughes 4 Apr. 7, 1931 2,290,564 Krueger July 21, 1942 2,381,850 Williams Aug. 7, 1945 30V 2,392,206 Waters Jan. 1, 1946 2,395,077 Southwick Feb. 19, 1946 2,476,325 Rowe July 19, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS 354V Number Country Date 521,907 Great Britain June 4, 1940.

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

